What changed in Brazilian income tax in 2026
Law 15,270/2025 introduced a tax reduction that effectively exempts people earning up to R$ 5,000 per month. Between R$ 5,000.01 and R$ 7,350.00 the reduction is partial and phases out as income rises. Above R$ 7,350 per month nothing changes.
The progressive table itself (exempt up to R$ 2,428.80, rates from 7.5% to 27.5%) is unchanged: tax is computed from the table and the reduction is subtracted afterwards. It applies to salaries paid since January 2026, to the 13th salary and to the 2027 annual return.
Itemized vs simplified return
The simplified return applies a flat 20% discount on taxable income, capped at R$ 17,640.00. The itemized return deducts actual expenses: INSS, dependents (R$ 2,275.08 each), uncapped medical costs, education up to R$ 3,561.50 per person, PGBL up to 12% of income and court-ordered alimony. The calculator runs both and highlights the better one.